Powershell - 執行外部命令

Summarize form source :

• http://www.eggheadcafe.com/software/aspnet/31259491/obtaining-script-exit-return-codes.aspx
• http://blogs.msdn.com/b/powershell/archive/2006/09/15/errorlevel-equivalent.aspx

1. Use [Diagnostic.Process]::Start a single line
   [Diagnostics.Process]::Start('C:\Vmware\vcbMounter.exe',"-h $host -u $user -p $password -s name:$machine -r $location -t $backuptype")
2. Parameterize
   $application = 'C:\Vmware\vcbMounter.exe'
   
   

   $arguments = "-h {0} -u {1} -p {2} -s name:{3} -r {4} -t {5}" -f ($host, $user, $password, $machine, $location, $backuptype)
   [Diagnostics.Process]::Start('$application','$arguments')

3. Use & replace [Diagnostic.Process]::Start
   $exe = "C:\Vmware\vcbMounter.exe"
   
   

   $host = "server"
   $user = "joe"
   $password = "cleartextpasswordsareanono:-)"
   $machine = "somepc"
   $location = "somelocation"
   $backupType = "incremental"
   & $exe -h $host -u $user -p $password -s "name:$machine" -r $location -t $backupType

4. Get execution result
   $process = [Diagnostics.Process]::Start('$application','$arguments')
   
   

   the process object has a member HasExited that returns $true when the
   process has exited (pretty self explanatory there..)
   
   There is also a ExitCode property that has the exit code of the process.
   
   You could use a do while loop to check for the exit of the process.
   do {...} while (!$process.HasExited)

5. Use $?, $LASTEXITCODE to get execution result
   $?
   
   
          Contains True if last operation succeeded and False otherwise.
   $LASTEXITCODE
          Contains the exit code of the last Win32 executable execution.
   EXAMPLE :
   PS> ping localhost
   Pinging jpsvista1.ntdev.corp.microsoft.com [::1] from ::1 with 32 bytes of data:
   Reply from ::1: time<1ms
   Reply from ::1: time<1ms
   Reply from ::1: time<1ms
   Reply from ::1: time<1ms
   Ping statistics for ::1:
       Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
   Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
       Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
   PS> $lastexitcode
   0
   PS> ping asdfasdf
   Ping request could not find host asdfasdf. Please check the name and try again.
   PS> $lastexitcode
   1

An Example of mine : 1. 可提供將stdout寫到logfile  2.用write-progress 做執行經歷時間的輸出

function startProcess ([string] $processname, [string] $arguments, [string]$logfile)

{

[String]$output=""

$processStartInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo;

$processStartInfo.FileName = $processname;

$processStartInfo.WorkingDirectory = (Get-Location).Path;

if($arguments) { $processStartInfo.Arguments = $arguments }

$processStartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false;

if($logfile) {$processStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true}

$process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process;

$process.StartInfo=$processStartInfo

$process.Start() 

#$process = [System.Diagnostics.Process]::Start($processStartInfo);

$startTime=get-Date

$endTime=get-date

do {

Start-Sleep -Seconds 1

$endTime=get-date

$timeSpan=$endTime - $startTime

Write-Progress -Activity "Building ... and timespan:" -Status $timeSpan  

} while (!$process.HasExited)

if($logfile) {$output=$process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd() }

$process.WaitForExit()

$process.Close()

if($logfile) {

$output | Out-File $logfile ;

"Start  at:$startTime" | Out-File $logfile -Append ;

"End    at:$endTime" | Out-File $logfile -Append ;

"Timespan :$timeSpan" | Out-File $logfile -Append ;

}

else {

Write-Host "Start at:$startTime"

Write-Host "End at:$endTime"

Write-Host "Timespan : $timeSpan"

}

}